Among the postoperative adverse effects, pain has significant importance. Caudal block is a common technique for pediatric analgesia for infraumbilical surgeries. Because of the shortduration of analgesia with bupivacaine alone various additive have been used to prolong the action of bupivacaine. Tramadol has a centrally acting analgesic effect via opioid receptors.Adding Dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine has proven effectiveness for postoperative painrelief. But not much research has been conducted before regarding this comparison which can help us to find the more effective drug for induction of anesthesia.So we want to conduct this randomized trial. Sample size of 60 cases; 30 cases in each group will be included through Nonprobability convenience sampling and will be randomly divided in two groups. In group A,patients will be given 0.25% bupivacaine 1 mL/kg with dexmedetomidine0.5 μg/kg. In group B, patients will be given 0.25% bupivacaine 1 mL/kg with 1mg/kg of tramadol. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure will be assessed before induction of anesthesia, after 5, 10, 15 and 30 mins of induction and at the time of extubation. After surgery, total duration from surgery and first rescue analgesia will be noted. All the information will be recorded on proforma. Data will be entered \& analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Both groups will be compared for mean heart rate, MAP and time to first rescue analgesia by using independent samples t-test. P-value ≤0.05 will be considered as significant. So this study will be done in a local setting to get local evidence and implement the use of more appropriate drug with less postop complications, especially in pediatric age group patients. This will help to improve our practice and local guidelines.
Age range
5 Years – 15 Years
Sex
ALL
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Hemodynamic Stability
Timeframe: Heart rate will be assessed before induction of anesthesia, after 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes of induction and at the time of extubation.
Post Op Analgesia
Timeframe: After 24hours, children will be assessed for postoperative pain score
Hemodynamic Stability
Timeframe: Blood pressure will be assessed before induction of anesthesia, after 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes of induction and at the time of extubation.