ESWL vs Flexible Uretroscopy in Management of Upper Ureteric Stones a Prospective Randomized Study

Inclusion Criteria: * patients age\>18 years old. Stone site: upper ureteric stone. Stone side: unilateral stones Stone size: stones diameter up to 1cm Stone number: single or multiple Radio-opaque stone Exclusion Criteria: * patients with solitary kidney or only function kidney renal impairment present of distal obstruction pregnancy, current breast feeding. Bleeding tendency or anticoagulation. ipsilateral ureterolithiasis, Acute or chronic nephritis, or Renal tuberculosis aneurysm of the aorta or renal artery. inability to position the patient on the SWL table (eg, due to severe skeletal deformity or morbid obesity). radiolucent stones that are not visible on ultrasound. severe metabolic disturbances (eg, cystinuria, primary hyperparathyroidism, or renal tubular acidosis)