Open vs. Laparoscopic Surgery for Pediatric Choledochal Cyst

Inclusion Criteria: Pediatric patients diagnosed with congenital choledochal cyst based on preoperative imaging (e.g., ultrasound, computed tomography（CT）, or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography（MRCP)）. Patients who underwent either open surgery (open cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy) or laparoscopic surgery (laparoscopic cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy) for the treatment of congenital choledochal cyst. Informed consent for follow-up obtained from the patient's family or legal guardian. Exclusion Criteria: Patients lacking one or more key outcome measures, including surgery duration, hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, incidence of postoperative bile leakage, or incidence of postoperative intestinal obstruction. Patients with incomplete clinical data, such as missing sex, age, or other essential demographic information. Patients with coagulation disorders that may interfere with surgery or recovery. Patients with severe comorbidities or immune system disorders that may complicate surgical intervention or recovery. Patients who underwent non-surgical treatment (e.g., endoscopic procedures) for congenital choledochal cyst. Pregnant patients or those who are breastfeeding (if applicable to your study population).