CompletedNot Applicable

Comparison Between GCS and FOUR Scores

Iraq240 participantsStarted 2024-05-01

Plain-language summary

The goal of this observational study is to compare the predictive utility of the Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR) Score and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) Score in determining outcomes among patients with altered mental status admitted to the emergency room. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the FOUR Score provide a more accurate prediction of patient outcomes than the GCS Score? Are there specific patient subgroups where one score is more effective than the other? Participants will: Undergo assessment of mental status using both the FOUR Score and the GCS Score during their emergency room admission. Have their clinical outcomes monitored during their hospital stay.

Who can participate

Age range

18 Years

Sex

ALL

See this in plain English?

AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients admitted to the emergency room with altered mental status. * Patients were assessed using both the Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR) Score and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) Score upon admission. * Patients whose clinical outcomes (e.g., mortality, length of hospital stay, need for intensive care) are available for follow-up and analysis. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with incomplete or missing data on FOUR and/or GCS assessments. * Patients who leave against medical advice (LAMA) or are discharged before outcome data can be collected. * Patients with pre-existing neurological conditions that might independently influence outcomes (e.g., severe dementia, long-standing neurodegenerative diseases). * Patients in whom resuscitative measures were initiated but unsuccessful before scoring could be performed.

Questions worth asking your doctor

Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.

1Based on my diagnosis and history, is this trial worth exploring for me — or is there a standard treatment we should try first?
2What does this trial's phase tell us about how much is already known about its safety and benefit?
3What would taking part actually involve for me — visits, tests, time, and travel?
4What are the known and possible risks or side effects I should weigh, and how would they be monitored?
5If this trial isn't the right fit, what other options or trials would you suggest I look into?

Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.

Questions for the trial coordinator

The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.

1What does taking part actually involve week to week — how many visits, where, and how long does each one take?
2What costs are covered by the study, and what might I have to pay for myself, including travel, parking, or time off work?
3What happens during screening, and what happens if the study team confirms I don't meet the criteria after those tests?
4Who pays for the scans, blood work, and other tests the trial requires — the study, my insurance, or me?
5How will being in the trial affect my regular care, and will my own doctor stay informed and involved?
6Can I leave the trial at any point if I change my mind, and what would happen to my care if I do?

A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.

What they're measuring

In hospital mortality

Timeframe: average of 10 days through discharge

Accuracy Assessment of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)

Timeframe: the first 12 hours after ER admission

Accuracy Assessment of the Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) Score

Timeframe: the first 12 hours after ER admission

Trial details

NCT IDNCT06703619

SponsorAl-Nahrain University

Sponsor typeOTHER

Study typeOBSERVATIONAL

Primary completion2025-07-01

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