Graphoscopic analysis of handwriting is influenced by various internal and external factors, and individuals with degenerative diseases like Parkinson's face challenges due to limitations in motor abilities, impacting Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) such as handwriting skills. The absence of encouraging outcomes from interventions in handwriting rehabilitation programs and graphoscopic assessment tools, persists as an ongoing challenge. This pilot study undertook an investigation into the forensic characterization of handwriting in people with Parkinson's Disease (PD). The main goal was to evaluate and compare the effect of 2 rehabilitation programs on handwriting, particularly, regarding 9 static and dynamic features, in individuals with PD. Additionally, this study contributed to the development of a comprehensive protocol, incorporating the most suitable and discriminatory clinical and graphoscopic assessment tools in the context of PD, and to formulate an occupational therapy rehabilitation program focused on enhancing the dexterity and fine motor skills of the upper limbs, crucial for improved performance in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). The pilot trial involved two groups: an intervention group (IG) undergoing traditional physiotherapy and occupational therapy programs (TPRP + OTRP), and a control group (CG) undergoing traditional physiotherapy alone (TPRP). The objective was to characterize and compare handwriting before and after the rehabilitation programs. Participants underwent assessments at the study's commencement and after 12 weeks of intervention. Graphoscopic assessment utilized a Wacom One DTC133W0A tablet and NeuroScript's v6.1 MovAlyzeR software. Clinical assessments included the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test, Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson Disease Rate Scale, and the Parkinson Disease Questionnaire 8 tests.
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Absolute Size
Timeframe: Implemented at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks of intervention (T1)
Horizontal Size (HS)
Timeframe: Implemented at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks of intervention (T1)
Vertical Size
Timeframe: Implemented at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks of intervention (T1)
Average Absolute Velocity
Timeframe: Implemented at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks of intervention (T1)
Duration
Timeframe: Implemented at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks of intervention (T1)
Relative Pen-Down Duration
Timeframe: Implemented at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks of intervention (T1)
Average Pen Pressure
Timeframe: Implemented at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks of intervention (T1)
Normalized Jerk
Timeframe: Implemented at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks of intervention (T1)
Parkinson Disease Questionnaire 8 (PDQ-8)
Timeframe: Implemented at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks of intervention (T1)
Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS)
Timeframe: Implemented at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks of intervention (T1)
Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT)
Timeframe: Implemented at baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks of intervention (T1)