The goal of this observational study is to examine if there is a correlation between energy deficiency, neurotransmitter levels, and exercise test performance among athletes in the Polish national rowing team. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does relative energy deficiency (RED) impact neurotransmitter levels and, consequently, athletic performance? Can monitoring energy availability, neurotransmitter levels, and psychological factors provide insights into physiological and psychological adaptations to intense training? Researchers will compare results obtained before the exercise test with those taken immediately after and following a 1-hour recovery period to assess changes in performance, biochemical markers, and psychological responses. Participants will: * Engage in a standardized exercise test. * Undergo assessments of energy availability, neurotransmitter levels, and performance at multiple time points (pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise, and post-1-hour recovery). * Complete psychological questionnaires assessing stress levels, recovery, and energy availability. This study aims to identify potential links between energy status, biochemical responses, psychological well-being, and athletic performance, allowing for targeted interventions to optimize training outcomes.
Age range
18 Years
Sex
ALL
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Changes from baseline in cortisol level.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test), 1 minute after the end of the test, after 1 hour of recovery.
Changes from baseline in testosterone level.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test), 1 minute after the end of the test, after 1 hour of recovery.
Changes from baseline in serotonin level.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test), 1 minute after the end of the test, after 1 hour of recovery.
Changes from in serotonin level.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test), 1 minute after the end of the test, after 1 hour of recovery.
Changes from baseline in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test), 1 minute after the end of the test, after 1 hour of recovery.
Changes from baseline in dopamine level.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test), 1 minute after the end of the test, after 1 hour of recovery.
Changes from baseline in tryptophan level.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test), 1 minute after the end of the test, after 1 hour of recovery.
Baseline Mood Profile of Athletes Before Exercise Test Using POMS Questionnaire.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test).
Baseline Stress and Recovery Profile of Athletes Before Exercise Test Using RESTQ-76 Sport Questionnaire.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test).
Baseline Psychological Strain Assessment of Athletes Before Exercise Test Using APSQ Questionnaire.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test).
Baseline Eating Behavior and Attitudes of Athletes Before Exercise Test Using EDE-Q 6.0 Questionnaire.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test).
Baseline Eating Behavior and Attitudes of Athletes Before Exercise Test Using EDE-Q 6.0 Questionnaire.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test).
Baseline Energy Availability and Health Assessment of Female Athletes Before Exercise Test Using LEAF Questionnaire.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test).
Baseline Energy Availability and Health Assessment of Male Athletes Before Exercise Test Using LEAM Questionnaire.
Timeframe: At rest (before the exercise test).