Comparing of Using Patient Imaging and Virtual Reality-based Simulation Prior to Lumbar Transforaminal Injections

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients with lumbar lateral recess or foraminal stenosis who are scheduled to undergo lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injection. * Patients with lumbar CT images, where all four pain specialists in anesthesiology and pain medicine have determined that needle insertion through the transforaminal approach would be difficult. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who have previously undergone transforaminal epidural steroid injections at this center. * Patients with abnormal lumbar anatomical structures or a history of lumbar surgery. * Patients who do not consent to participate in the study.