Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers globally and a leading cause of cancer-related death. Colonoscopy is the standard screening method for colorectal cancer, significantly reducing mortality rates. However, the pain experienced during the procedure is one of the main reasons people avoid getting a colonoscopy. If operators can identify patients who are more likely to feel pain before the procedure, operators can take steps to reduce their discomfort. Previous research has developed a model to predict discomfort during colonoscopy, but this model have some limitations in clinical use. Therefore, investigators plan to develop a new model that also predicts the likelihood of painful colonoscopies. This study aims to identify factors related to pain in non-sedated colonoscopy and create a more accurate prediction model to help reduce pain during the procedure. A total of 679 patients will be divided into two groups randomly for training and validation. Participants meet the inclusion criteria for this study, and investigators will ask participants to participate voluntarily. If participants agree, investigators will collect some of participants basic information and medical history, and assess participants' pain during the procedure. Participants will only need to follow the doctors' instructions, complete bowel investigators' preparation, and undergo the colonoscopy as usual. The data collection will not interfere with participants' regular care
Age range
18 Years – 80 Years
Sex
ALL
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colonoscopy-related pain
Timeframe: during the intubation procedure of sedated-free colonoscopy