The goal of this observational study is to assess household food insecurity among slum-dwelling women in India and to explore if household food insecurity is associated with maternal healthcare services utilization and infant feeding practices The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Is the utilization of maternal healthcare services antenatally, during delivery, and postnatally associated with household food insecurity among slum-dwelling women in Pune, India? 2. Is household food insecurity associated with birth outcomes and infant growth in these women? Participants will be asked: 1. For information related to socio-demographic characteristics, healthcare services utilization, food insecurity experience, dietary intake, and infant feeding indicators using a questionnaire. 2. Anthropometric measurements of the participant, her husband and her infant/s will be collected. 3. Focus group discussions (FGDs) will also be conducted to gain insight into the perceptions of these women with respect to the utilization of maternal healthcare services.
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Percentage of women who consumed at least 100 Iron Folic Acid tablets
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Percentage of women who consumed deworming tablets at least once during pregnancy
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Percentage of women who underwent delivery preparedness
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Percentage of women with knowledge of key danger signs during pregnancy
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Percentage of women who delivered at institution
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Percentage of women who stayed at a facility for at least 24 hours post-delivery
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Percentage of women who received post-natal care within a week of delivery
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Percentage of women who availed at least three Antenatal Care (ANC) visits
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Percentage of women who had contact with ASHA worker during pregnancy
Timeframe: Through study completion, an average of 1 year