Background: Low back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent globally, affecting people of all ages(Wu et al., 2020). In China, LBP is a leading cause of disease burden(Wu et al., 2019). Exercise therapy such as core stability training(CST), Tai Chi(TC) and education are commonly recommended treatments, but research on optimal protocols has been limited. Blood flow restriction(BFR) is beneficial for inducing muscle hypertrophy and promoting muscle strength (Hughes et al., 2019). Combined approaches using multiple modalities may provide added benefits but are understudied. Research objectives: 1. To determine the effects of combined CST, BFR and Tai Chi on muscle physiology (muscle activation, muscle fatigue, back extensor strength, and transverses abdominus control) among working adults with LBP. 2. To determine the effects of combined CST+ BFR+Tai Chi on functional performance (gait speed, balance, proprioception, and postural sway) among working adults with LBP. 3. To determine the effects of combined CST+BFR+Tai Chi on pain intensity among working adults with LBP. 4. To determine the effects of combined CST+BFR+Tai Chi on fear among working adults with LBP. Location of research: Qianxinan Wutong Orthopedic Hospital, Guizhou Province, China Instrumentations: 1. Demographic Data 2. Surface Electromyography (S-EMG) 3. Pressure Biofeedback Unit (PBU) 4. Back Extensor Strength Test (BEST) 5. Joint Repositioning Error(JRE) 6. APECS app 7. Y-Balance Test(YBT) 8.10-Meter Walk Test(10MWT) 9.Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) 10.Chinese version of the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire(FABQ-CHI) Interventions: Group A: CST+BFR+Tai Chi+Education; Group B: CST+BFR+Education; Group C: Tai Chi +BFR+Education; Group D: CST+Education. Sample size: Considering 30% drop out. 52 participants. 13 participants in each group Statistical analysis: Data were processed using SPSS version 25.0 and Microsoft Excel 2010 software. 1. Demographic data = descriptive analytics. 2. All objectives = repeated measure ANCOVA (within-between interactions) for all variables. 3. The significant level is P \< 0.05.
See this in plain English?
AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Core muscle activation by root mean square(RMS)
Timeframe: Baseline (1st week), 6th week, and 12th week
Core muscle fatigue by mean frequency (MF)
Timeframe: Baseline (1st week), 6th week, and 12th week
Abdominal drawing-in maneuver by the pressure biofeedback unit (PBU)
Timeframe: Baseline (1st week), 6th week, and 12th week
Back Extensor Strength by a push-pull dynamometer
Timeframe: Baseline (1st week), 6th week, and 12th week
Postural sway by the mobile app APECS
Timeframe: Baseline (1st week), 6th week, and 12th week
Balance by Y-Balance Test
Timeframe: Baseline (1st week), 6th week, and 12th week
Lumbar proprioception by joint repositioning error(JRE)
Timeframe: Baseline (1st week), 6th week, and 12th week
Gait speed by the 10-meter walk test.
Timeframe: Baseline (1st week), 6th week, and 12th week
Fear avoidance belief by the Chinese version of the Fear-avoidance Beliefs. Questionnaire (FABQ-CHI)
Timeframe: Baseline (1st week), 6th week, and 12th week
Pain by visual analogue scale (VAS)
Timeframe: Baseline (1st week), 6th week, and 12th week