Understanding the Health Effect of a Bioactive Peptide From Egg: A Pilot Study

Inclusion Criteria: Healthy control group: * Men and women aged between 18 and 70 years living in Edmonton (or Edmonton area/driving distance). * Normal weight (BMI below 25 kg/m2 or Asian population below 23 kg/m2 ) * Waist circumference below the following ethnic specific cut offs: Canada / USA: \<102 cm men and \<88 cm women; Europids, Middle-Eastern, Sub-Saharan African, and Mediterranean: \<94 cm men and \<80 cm women; Asians, Japanese, South and Central Americans: \<90 cm men and \<80 cm women * Fasting glucose \<5.6 mmol/L * HbA1c \<5.6 % * Blood pressure \<130/85 mmHg * Triglycerides \<1.7 mmol/L * HDL-Cholesterol \>1.03 mmol/L men and \>1.29 mmol/L women * Body weight stable (within 3% fluctuation) for at least 6 months prior to the study * Individuals who have never smoke, have smoke less than 100 cigarettes in their life or who are long term quitter (quit smoking a year or more ago) Individuals at risk of diabetes/having type 2 diabetes: * Men and women aged between 18 and 70 years living in Edmonton (or Edmonton area/driving distance). * Overweight or obesity (BMI above 25 kg/m2 or Asian population above 23 kg/m2) * Waist circumference at or above the following ethnic specific cut offs: Canada / USA: ≥ 102 cm men and ≥ 88 cm women; Europids, Middle-Eastern, Sub-Saharan African, and Mediterranean: ≥ 94 cm men and ≥ 80 cm women; Asians, Japanese, South and Central Americans: ≥ 90 cm men and ≥ 80 cm women * Fasting glucose ≥ 6.0 mmol/L * HbA1c ≥ 6.0 % * Body weig…