Application of CTA-based Radiomic Phenotyping of PCAT and Fluid Dynamics in Atherosclerotic Disease (APPLE)

Inclusion Criteria: * patients underwent CCTAs at least twice; * patients without any concomitant obstructive CAD, or any concomitant atherosclerotic lesions in the LAD on the baseline CCTA; * patients without previous percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting, implanted cardiac devices, and anomalous coronary arteries as evidenced by conventional CCTA. Exclusion Criteria: * image quality of CCTA was inadequate for either MB morphological or FAI or CFD analysis in either cardiac phase; * patients received other tube voltages except for 100 kVp and 120 kVp; * the interscan interval between serial CCTAs\< 3 months; * missing CCTA data.