Examination of Transcranial Focused Ultrasound on Brain Activity in Adults

Inclusion Criteria: * No present/lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD), psychosis, Bipolar Disorder; Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS)\>7; Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)\>10), borderline personality disorder, and present suicidal ideation * No family history of MDD, psychosis, Bipolar Disorder, or epilepsy Exclusion Criteria: * Present/lifetime history of MDD, psychosis, Bipolar Disorder (HDRS\>7; YMRS\>10), borderline personality disorder, and present suicidal ideation. Childhood history of, but not present, anxiety disorders and Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) will be allowed as these are common disorders in childhood * Family history of MDD, psychosis, Bipolar Disorder, or epilepsy * History of head injury, neurological (e.g., epilepsy), pervasive developmental disorder (e.g., autism), systemic medical disease and treatment (medical records, participant report) * Use of substances with seizure risk (e.g., stimulants) in the past month, as for other non-invasive neuromodulation techniques, assessed as screening and before each tFUS session * Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score (cognitive state) \<24 * Premorbid North American Adult Reading Test (NAART) intelligence quotient (IQ) estimate \<85; * Visual disturbance: \<20/40 (Snellen visual acuity) * Left/mixed handedness (Annett criteria) * History of alcohol or other substance use disorder (SUD), daily nicotine use, and/or illicit substance use over the last 3 months (SCID-5). …