This is a comparative, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial for people with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. The investigators will compare the effects of two non-invasive neuromodulation techniques (Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation) combined with cognitive stimulation. These non-invasive neuromodulating techniques will be applied as a treatment alternative to be able to compare non-invasive techniques with cognitive stimulation CS alone, taking into account clinical and neuropsychological evaluations in addition to: 1) the known clinical risk factors (physical activity, comorbidities treatment, etc.) that allow the investigators to characterize the participants; 2) characterize the participants with genetic biomarkers using the APOE4, CR1, COMT, TREM2 and ABCA7 genotype; 3) document the biological effects related to neurogenesis from olfactory epithelial neural progenitor cells and solubles factors of serum; 4) use hippocampal volume, cortical thickness of the medial temporal cortex and parietal cortex by means of structural magnetic resonance imaging and the default mode network by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging at rest as a biomarker of response to treatment and 5) associate the response to treatment with changes in Motor Evoked Potential (MEP) amplitude and latency in order to generate a response-to-treatment biomarker with neuromodulators in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and changes in electroencephalogram.
Age range
55 Years – 85 Years
Sex
ALL
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Changes in orientation
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in language
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in language
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in verbal memory
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in verbal memory
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in visual memory
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in visual memory
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in visual-constructive abilities
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in visual-constructive abilities
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in processing speed
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in processing speed
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in abstraction
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in verbal fluency
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in interference
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in working memory
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in working memory
Timeframe: Baseline, after maintenance (15 weeks), and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in Global Cognitive Function
Timeframe: Baseline, after first phase (3 weeks), after maintenance (15 weeks) and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in Global Cognitive Function
Timeframe: Baseline, after first phase (3 weeks), after maintenance (15 weeks) and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in memory regarding situations and activities of daily life
Timeframe: Baseline, after first phase (3 weeks), after maintenance (15 weeks) and in follow-up phase (1 year later)
Changes in Global Clinical Impression
Timeframe: Baseline, after first phase (3 weeks), after maintenance (15 weeks) and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in Motor Evoked Potentials
Timeframe: Baseline, after first phase (3 weeks), after maintenance (15 weeks) and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in Olfactory Epithelial Neural Progenitor Cells
Timeframe: Baseline, after first phase (3 weeks), after maintenance (15 weeks) and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in Solubles Factors of Serum
Timeframe: Baseline, after first phase (3 weeks), after maintenance (15 weeks) and in follow-up phase (1 year later).
Changes in Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Timeframe: Baseline, after first phase (3 weeks), after maintenance (15 weeks) and in follow-up phase (1 year later).