Is Long-Term Proton Pump Inhibitor Use a Cause of Leaky Gut Syndrome

Inclusion Criteria: The patient group was patients taking long-term PPIs (omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, esomeprazole and rabeprazole) every day for at least 6 months or at least twice a week for at least 2 years. A control group was formed from individuals who had never used PPI. Exclusion Criteria: Those with inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, type 1 diabetes, active gastroenteritis, acute kidney failure, chronic kidney failure, and those who had used antibiotics for any reason in the last 3 months, as well as those receiving probiotic drug support, were not included in the study \-