Recruitment Maneuver in General Anesthesia for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Inclusion Criteria: * patients over 18 years of age * ASA score ≤ 3 (American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status) * scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy Exclusion Criteria: * patients under the age of 18 * pregnant women * ASA status ˃ 3, * BMI \< 18.5, and ≥ 35 kg/m2 * previous open abdominal surgery * previous lung surgery * obstructive and restrictive lung diseases * neuromuscular diseases * hemodynamic instability during recruitment maneuver (drop in systolic blood pressure by more than 20% compared to basal values or systolic blood pressure \< 90 mmHg) * bradycardia (drop in heart rate by more than 20% or frequency \< 50/min) * decrease in saturation (SpO2 ≤ 92% for more than 1 minute) during the recruitment maneuver