The goal of this observational study is to learn about functional heterogeneity of immune cells before and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). The main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: * Does CPB cause immune paralysis after CHD surgery? * How does the functional heterogeneity of immune cells change before and after CPB in children undergoing CHD surgery? Participants will receive 3ml of peripheral blood before CPB, 2 hours after CPB, and 3 days after CPB, and the peripheral blood samples will be sequenced by single cell to explore the immune heterogeneity before and after CPB.
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Expression of genes
Timeframe: From enrollment to the end of CPB at 3 days