The Effects of Various Concentrations of Ropivacaine on the Onset and Duration of Ankle Blocks

Inclusion Criteria: * Provide signed and dated informed consent * Age 18 up to and including 75 years, scheduled for elective forefoot surgery for hallux valgus repair, with or without one or more of the following: minor toe procedures, osteotomies, arthrodesis or toe extensor/flexor procedures, under unilateral ankle block at ZOL Genk * ASA physical I-II-III * Able to ambulate (ability to walk independently, with or without assistive devices) * Able to learn and perform study sensory and motor assessment by exhibiting sensitivity to pinprick, cold, and light touch (tested beforehand with pinprick/cold/ light touch sensation test) as the patient will have to perform these sensory and motor assessments by him/herself at home at postoperative day 0 to 2 Exclusion Criteria: * Language barrier * Preexisting lower extremity neuropathy * Contraindications to ankle block (local infection, edema, burn, soft tissue trauma, or distorted anatomy with scarring in the area of block placement) * Contraindications for use of NSAIDs * Allergy to local anesthetics * Uncontrolled anxiety, psychiatric or neurological disorder that might interfere with study assessment * Weight below 50 kg based on a maximum dose of 3 mg/kg ropivacaine and a maximum dose of 150 mg ropivacaine. * Preoperative use of opioids or gabapentin less than 3 days before surgery * Contraindications for use of paracetamol * Contraindications for use of tramadol