Individuals of Chinese heritage are the largest and fastest growing segment of the US Asian population. US Chinese have sociodemographic characteristics and culture that differ substantially from other US Asians, and therefore, differ in social determinants of health, health status, and disease risk. US Chinese adults are at increased risk for cardiometabolic disease, related conditions (obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension), and systemic inflammation that promotes disease onset and progression. Immigration to a new country can substantially impact the gut microbiome which may promote systemic inflammation. Pilot interventions indicate a high-fiber diet rich in whole grains reduced inflammation and improved obesity. Additionally, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) supported, evidence-based HomeStyles intervention has demonstrated feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy in improving lifestyle behaviors and home environments associated with obesity risk in families. A lack of linguistically, culturally tailored interventions to their specific health needs makes it difficult for US Chinese to implement healthy lifestyle behaviors and reduce health risks. Interventions tailored for US Chinese that could attenuate modifiable cardiometabolic risk factors, understand physiological sequelae, and bridge health equity are not currently available. Thus, the overall goal of this project is to test the efficacy of HomeStyles in improving health outcomes in US Chinese. Project aims are to: A) Culturally adapt the HomeStyles intervention through community-engaged approaches. B) Conduct a 10-week, 2-armed Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) to test HomeStyles intervention efficacy on health outcomes (dietary intake, physical activity, self-efficacy, HbA1C, waist circumference, and BMI), hypothesizing that participants randomized to the treatment condition will have greater improvements in health outcomes than control comparators. C) Examine associations between intervention participation and gut microbiota/systemic inflammation and test hypotheses that a whole-grain rich diet adopted by those in the intervention group will increase anti-inflammatory gut bacteria, reduce inflammatory gut bacteria, and lower systemic inflammation.
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Participant Health-related behaviors: Fruit/Vegetable/Fiber Intake (servings/day)
Timeframe: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (~10 weeks after baseline), follow-up (~12 weeks after post-intervention)
Participant Health-related behaviors: Sugar-sweetened Beverage Intake (servings/day)
Timeframe: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (~10 weeks after baseline), follow-up (~12 weeks after post-intervention)
Participant Health-related behaviors: Physical Activity Level
Timeframe: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (~10 weeks after baseline), follow-up (~12 weeks after post-intervention)
Participant Health-related behaviors: Self-Efficacy for Health Behaviors
Timeframe: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (~10 weeks after baseline), follow-up (~12 weeks after post-intervention)
Participant Cardiometabolic Disease Markers: Diabetes Risk
Timeframe: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (~10 weeks after baseline), follow-up (~12 weeks after post-intervention)
Participant Cardiometabolic Disease Markers: Height (for BMI calculation)
Timeframe: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (~10 weeks after baseline), follow-up (~12 weeks after post-intervention)
Participant Cardiometabolic Disease Markers: Weight (for BMI calculation)
Timeframe: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (~10 weeks after baseline), follow-up (~12 weeks after post-intervention)
Participant Cardiometabolic Disease Markers: Waist circumference
Timeframe: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (~10 weeks after baseline), follow-up (~12 weeks after post-intervention)