Supplementation for Male Subfertility

Inclusion Criteria: * Males between the ages of 25-50 years diagnosed with subfertility through Ontario Networks of Experts in Fertility (ONE Fertility, Burlington, ON). * For diagnosis of male subfertility, the 2010 and 2021 World Health Organization criteria will be used for sperm count, motility, morphology and vitality. * Overweight and obese males according to body mass index (BMI) between the ages of 25-50 years. Exclusion Criteria: * Smoking, * history and drug alcohol abuse, * BMI \> 30 kg/m2, * genital disease (cryptorchidism, current genital inflammation, or varicocele), * genital trauma or surgery to the male reproductive system, * known Y chromosome microdeletions or karyotype abnormalities (if known prior), * hepatobiliary disease, * significant renal insufficiency, * occupational exposures to reproductive toxins, * endocrine abnormality, * recent or current sexually transmitted infection, * use of cytotoxic drugs, * use of immunosuppressants, * use of anticonvulsants, * use of androgens or antiandrogens, * history of central nervous system injury, * neurological or psychiatric disease to potentially compromise study data collection, * treatment of erectile dysfunction with any drugs during the past 4 weeks, * history of cancer chemotherapy, * current supplementation with ingredients being tested unless 1-month washout period