The recommended daily amounts of vitamins and minerals, referred to as micronutrients, are based on data from high income settings and for healthy populations do not fully correct nutritional deficiencies in undernourished settings. This study will determine the minimum acceptable doses across a range of nutrients at which sufficiency is achieved with supplementation using biochemical indicators of nutritional status in non-pregnant (non-lactating) women of reproductive age and pregnant women in Bangladesh. In this double-masked randomized controlled trial, a dose response study will be undertaken using increasing levels of doses provided as supplements to women (pregnant or non-pregnant) with nutritional indicators as outcomes.
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Change in vitamin A status
Timeframe: Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 1 month post-partum (Pregnant women). Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 3 months (non-pregnant women)
Change in vitamin D status
Timeframe: Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 1 month post-partum (Pregnant women). Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 3 months (non-pregnant women)
Change in vitamin E status
Timeframe: Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 1 month post-partum (Pregnant women). Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 3 months (non-pregnant women)
Change in B-vitamin static indicators
Timeframe: Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 1 month post-partum (Pregnant women). Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 3 months (non-pregnant women)
Change in B-vitamin enzymatic activity
Timeframe: Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 1 month post-partum (Pregnant women). Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 3 months (non-pregnant women)
Change in iron status
Timeframe: Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 1 month post-partum (Pregnant women). Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 3 months (non-pregnant women)
Change in iodine status
Timeframe: Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 1 month post-partum (Pregnant women). Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 3 months (non-pregnant women)
Change in selenium static indicator
Timeframe: Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 1 month post-partum (Pregnant women). Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 3 months (non-pregnant women)
Change in selenium enzymatic indicator
Timeframe: Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 1 month post-partum (Pregnant women). Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 3 months (non-pregnant women)
Change in zinc status
Timeframe: Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 1 month post-partum (Pregnant women). Baseline, midline, end-line, up to 3 months (non-pregnant women)