While the association of physical and/or motor and/or cognitive components with training can generate synergistic effects and thus create an efficient cognitive enrichment program, very few studies have focused on finding an optimal combined program for older adults. According to the model of Herold and his colleagues, there are two modalities of simultaneous combined training: Thinking While Moving (TwM), when the additional cognitive task is not linked to the motor task, and Moving While Thinking (MwT), when the cognitive task is integrated into the motor task. They assume the latter approach is the most promising for improving cognitive reserve. Nevertheless, to the investigators' knowledge, only one study has compared these two modalities in older adults and none has broadened the question by comparing several MwT trainings. The goal of this interventional study will be to compare the cognitive, dual-task, and physical effects of 6 physical and/or cognitive programs in healthy but inactive older adults. The main questions it will aims to answer are: * Will the Moving While Thinking and Thinking While Moving programs have the same effects? * If they have different effects, which will be the best way to improve cognitive, dual-task, and physical functions? The study is being set up between 2023 and 2025 to compare the cognitive, dual- ask and physical effects of 6 programs (3 months, 2 sessions of 1 hour per week). Three experimental MwT programs will be studied: Immersive and interactive wall exergames (I2WE), Complex Cognitive and Motor Activities (2CMA), and exergames with Switch (EXER). They will be compared to an experimental TwM program of stationary bike simultaneous to the Switch (Video games + bike) and 2 control programs: inactive video games (VG) and stationary bike (BIKE). A control group (CON) will be also created. Cognitive, dual-task, and physical pre-tests (before the program), post-tests (after the program), and retention tests (3 months after the end of the program) will be realized to evaluate the effects of the programs.
Age range
60 Years
Sex
ALL
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Change Visuospatial memory
Timeframe: Within 1 week before the program, within 1 week after the program, and 3 months after the end of the program.
Change Flexibility
Timeframe: Within 1 week before the program, within 1 week after the program, and 3 months after the end of the program.
Change Inhibition with witty
Timeframe: Within 1 week before the program, within 1 week after the program, and 3 months after the end of the program.
Change cognitive-cognitive Dual task
Timeframe: Within 1 week before the program, within 1 week after the program, and 3 months after the end of the program.
Change physical-cognitive Dual Task
Timeframe: Within 1 week before the program, within 1 week after the program, and 3 months after the end of the program.