This research will be carried out in order to determine the optimal lidocaine dose in propofol lidocaine mixture to prevent pain on propofol injection during induction of general anesthesia using a modified Dixon's up-and-down method. Patients \& methods: Include assessment of severity of pain on propofol injection using seven doses of lidocaine in lidocaine propofol mixture in ASA I\&II patients aged 18-60 years with exclusion of patients with history of drug allergy, hepatic or renal impairment, cardiac problems, neurologic deficits or psychiatric disorders. The primary outcome will be pain scale during injection and volume of propofol-lidocaine mixture used. Secondary outcome will be increase in heart rate and/or hand or forearm withdrawal during injection, patient satisfaction, demographic data, type and duration of surgery, Time for unconsciousness. Aim of the work: To determine the Minimal effective dose of lidocaine in propofol lidocaine mixture to achieve painless induction of anesthesia using propofol.
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Pain scale
Timeframe: 9 months