Effect of Maternal Kisses on Pain, Anxiety, and Fear

Inclusion Criteria (Mother) * Being over 18 years of age * Speaking Turkish * Having two lips with which to apply the kiss * Written informed consent Exclusion Criteria (Mother) * Having oral ulcers * Accused or convicted of child abuse or neglect Inclusion Criteria (Child) * Being in the age range of 5-7 years * Admission to pediatric gastroenterology clinic for diagnosis and treatment * Stable general condition * Invasive intervention performed in a single attempt * Not having visual and hearing problems * Not having any pain (due to illness, side effects of medication, distension) * Not having a chronic disease (kidney, diabetes, etc.) that requires frequent invasive intervention * Being at the level of mental development to answer the questions asked * Speaking and understanding Turkish easily * Volunteering to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria (Child) * Having a history of epilepsy, vertigo and neurological diseases * History of syncope during blood collection * Having a disease that causes chronic pain * Complications during invasive intervention (allergy, syncope, etc.) * Being in life-threatening condition and taken to the resuscitation room * Deciding that the child is a forensic case after the examination * In the intervention group, the parent makes an intervention other than kissing the child within 5 minutes * In the control group, the parent makes any intervention to his/her child within 5 minutes