Testicular Tissue Cryopreservation in the Setting of Gender-Affirming Therapy

Inclusion Criteria: Category 1 participants must have all criteria listed below: * Patient with testes over the age of 9 * Diagnosed with gender dysphoria; currently on or imminently planning to start gender affirming treatment (hormone blockers or gender-affirming hormones) * Have a clinical referral for fertility preservation from their primary care physician * Unwilling to undergo natal puberty or, for patients who have gone through puberty, unwilling to discontinue hormone suppression and/or hormone replacement therapy. Category 2 participants only fall into this category if they are undergoing gender-affirming surgery. They must have all criteria listed below: * Patient is 18+ years old * Diagnosed with gender dysphoria * Unwilling to undergo natal puberty, or for patients who have gone through puberty, be unwilling to discontinue hormone suppression and/or sex steroid (estrogen) therapy. * Will be undergoing gender affirming surgery that involves removal of the testes. Exclusion Criteria: * Diagnosed with psychological, psychiatric, or other conditions which prevent giving fully informed consent. * Diagnosed with an underlying medical condition that significantly increases their risk of complications from anesthesia and surgery.