Three-dimensional echocardiography has become a gold standard to assess right ventricular (RV) function, and investigators plan to use 3D transesophageal echocardiography to assess RV function in 3 types of aortic valve replacement (AVR): surgical AVR (SAVR), mini-sternotomy AVR (mini AVR), and transcatheter AVR (TAVR).
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RV function assessment indices with TEE (3D RV EF)
Timeframe: For SAVR and mini AVR, post general anesthesia induction, post cardiopulmonary bypass, and after chest closure, up to the end of procedure. For TAVR, post general anesthesia induction and after valve deployment, up to the end of procedure.
RV function assessment indices with TEE (RV size)
Timeframe: For SAVR and mini AVR, post general anesthesia induction, post cardiopulmonary bypass, and after chest closure, up to the end of procedure. For TAVR, post general anesthesia induction and after valve deployment, up to the end of procedure.
RV function assessment indices with TEE (RIMP)
Timeframe: For SAVR and mini AVR, post general anesthesia induction, post cardiopulmonary bypass, and after chest closure, up to the end of procedure. For TAVR, post general anesthesia induction and after valve deployment, up to the end of procedure.
RV function assessment indices with TEE (RV FAC)
Timeframe: For SAVR and mini AVR, post general anesthesia induction, post cardiopulmonary bypass, and after chest closure, up to the end of procedure. For TAVR, post general anesthesia induction and after valve deployment, up to the end of procedure.
RV function assessment indices with TEE (S')
Timeframe: For SAVR and mini AVR, post general anesthesia induction, post cardiopulmonary bypass, and after chest closure, up to the end of procedure. For TAVR, post general anesthesia induction and after valve deployment, up to the end of procedure.
RV function assessment indices with TEE (TAPSE)
Timeframe: For SAVR and mini AVR, post general anesthesia induction, post cardiopulmonary bypass, and after chest closure, up to the end of procedure. For TAVR, post general anesthesia induction and after valve deployment, up to the end of procedure.
RV function assessment indices with TEE (STE)
Timeframe: For SAVR and mini AVR, post general anesthesia induction, post cardiopulmonary bypass, and after chest closure, up to the end of procedure. For TAVR, post general anesthesia induction and after valve deployment, up to the end of procedure.