Biofeedback equipment is classified by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as medical device class II and this type of equipment/treatment has shown evidence regarding stress management in post-Covid-19 syndrome. The main objective of the study is to verify the feasibility of an HVR biofeedback training protocol in patients with long covid, and also to verify improvement induced by the technique in relation to: cognitive performance; pain perception; fatigue; quality of life; depressive and anxious symptoms
Age range
18 Years
Sex
ALL
See this in plain English?
AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.
Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.
The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
Change from Baseline to 5 weeks and to 9 weeks in Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score
Timeframe: T0 (0 weeks); T1 (5weeks); T2 (9 weeks)
Change from Baseline to 5 weeks and to 9 weeks in Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) score
Timeframe: T0 (0 weeks); T1 (5weeks); T2 (9 weeks)
Change from Baseline to 5 weeks and to 9 weeks in Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) score
Timeframe: T0 (0 weeks); T1 (5weeks); T2 (9 weeks)
Change from Baseline to 5 weeks and to 9 weeks in Matrix test (Spinnler H, Tognoni G., 1987) score
Timeframe: T0 (0 weeks); T1 (5weeks); T2 (9 weeks)
Change from Baseline to 5 weeks and to 9 weeks in Trail Making Test (Giovagnoli et al.,1996) score
Timeframe: T0 (0 weeks); T1 (5weeks); T2 (9 weeks)
Change from Baseline to 5 weeks and to 9 weeks in Digit Span (Orsini et al., 1987; Mondini et al., 2003) score
Timeframe: T0 (0 weeks); T1 (5weeks); T2 (9 weeks)
Change from Baseline to 5 weeks and to 9 weeks in Stroop Test (Caffarra et al.; 2002) score
Timeframe: T0 (0 weeks); T1 (5weeks); T2 (9 weeks)
Change from Baseline to 5 weeks and to 9 weeks in Frontal Assessment Battery - FAB (Dubois et al.; 2000) score
Timeframe: T0 (0 weeks); T1 (5weeks); T2 (9 weeks)
Change from Baseline to 5 weeks and to 9 weeks in Rey's Word Test (Caltagirone et al. 1995) score
Timeframe: T0 (0 weeks); T1 (5weeks); T2 (9 weeks)
Change in Checklist on tolerability, possible side effects after the biofeedback session
Timeframe: At the end of each biofeedback session
Intervention satisfaction questionnaire
Timeframe: T1 (5weeks)
Change from Baseline to 5 weeks and to 9 weeks in Visual Analog Scale VAS (Scott Huskisson, 1976) score
Timeframe: T0 (0 weeks); T1 (5weeks); T2 (9 weeks)
Change from Baseline to 5 weeks and to 9 weeks in Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) score
Timeframe: T0 (0 weeks); T1 (5weeks); T2 (9 weeks)