Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet, Phytosterols and Krill Oil in Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Plain-language summary

The main objective of this pilot study is to evaluate the effects of the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet (DICA Br) supplemented or not with phytosterols and/or krill oil in patients with a probable or definitive diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) identified by the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (Dutch MEDPED) criteria. In addition, the following will be considered secondary objectives: to perform participants´ complete sequencing of the exome; to evaluate the effects of the interventions on lipid profile; to identify subclasses of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol; to perform untargeted lipidomic analyses; to evaluate the frequency of mild, moderate and severe adverse events according to study groups; and to evaluate both implementation components and adherence rates to the protocol, aiming to design a larger randomized trial. In this pilot study, between 48 and 76 individuals will be randomly enrolled into four groups: 1) DICA Br adapted to FH (DICA-HF) + phytosterol placebo + krill oil placebo (control group); 2) DICA-HF + 2g/day of phytosterol + krill oil placebo; 3) DICA-HF + phytosterol placebo + 2g/day of krill oil; and 4) DICA-HF + 2g/day of phytosterol + 2g/day of krill oil. Primary outcomes will be LDL-cholesterol for groups phytosterol vs. placebo and lipoprotein(a) for groups krill oil vs. placebo after 120 days of follow up. World Health Organization Universal Trial Number (WHO-UTN): U1111-1296-7102

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