Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) has been proposed for the evaluation of the nociception-antinociception balance in the perioperative period. In pediatric patients with Moyamoay disease, where the management of analgesia may be rendered difficult by pharmacological changes, we hypothesised that the monitoring of analgesia with ANI would reduce intraoperative opioid consumption during EDAS surgery.
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the mean hourly intraoperative sufentanil requirement
Timeframe: from induction of anesthesia to end of operation, about 5 hours