We aimed to investigate the effects of instrument assisted manipulation (IAM) and Mulligan mobilization with movement (MWM) on joint range of motion (ROM), pain, proprioception, endurance, back awareness and disability in individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP). Fifthy one participants were randomly divided into 3 groups. The first was the Mulligan group, the second was the IAM group, and the third was the core exercise group. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to assess pain severity. Lumbal flexibility was evaluated with the fingertip-to-floor test. Oswestry disability index (ODI) and Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) used to evaluate the disability. Fremantle back awareness questionnaire (FBAQ) used to evaluate back awareness. Joint ROM (lumbal flexion, lumbal extension and lumbal lateral flexion) and proprioception (30° lumbal flexion in standing, 30° lumbal flexion in sitting, 15° lumbal extension standing and lumbal neutral position) evaluated with JTECH digital dual inclinometer. McGill core endurance tests were used for core endurance assessment. McGill core endurance assessment consists of 3 tests. These: Flexor endurance test, lateral endurance test and extensor endurance test.
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Change from baseline visual analogue scale at 2nd and 6th weeks
Timeframe: Baseline, 2nd week, 6th week
Change from baseline fingertip-to-floor test at 2nd and 6th weeks
Timeframe: Baseline, 2nd week, 6th week
Change from baseline joint ROM measurement with digital inclinometer at 2nd and 6th weeks
Timeframe: Baseline, 2nd week, 6th week
Change from baseline proprioception measurement with digital inclinometer at 2nd and 6th weeks
Timeframe: Baseline, 2nd week, 6th week
Change from baseline Oswestry disability index at 2nd and 6th weeks
Timeframe: Baseline, 2nd week, 6th week
Change from baseline Roland Morris disability questionnaire at 2nd and 6th weeks
Timeframe: Baseline, 2nd week, 6th week
Change from baseline Fremantle back awareness questionnaire at 2nd and 6th weeks
Timeframe: Baseline, 2nd week, 6th week