When an individual encounters nociceptive pain stimuli, the pupil dilates in a unique manner known as Pupil reflex dilation (PRD).The degree of pupillary reflex dilatation can be further quantified into an objective parameter, termed the Pupillary pain index (PPI), as a monitoring tool for the balance between nociception and antinociception in surgical patients The motivation for this study is to investigate the feasibility of using pupillometry to assess acute pain after shoulder surgery. The purpose of the study is as follows: (1) Can PDR in patients undergoing general anesthesia be used to assess the analgesic effect of interscalene block? (2) Does PPI at the end of surgical anesthesia in such patients correlate with the first numerical pain scale (NRS) during the recovery room?
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Pupillary Pain Index (PPI )
Timeframe: After induction of anesthesia and before surgical incision