The investigators aim to objectively identify the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation of type II diabetic and prediabetic patients in Singapore through modern technologies thereby potentially increasing the accuracy of identification, diagnosis, and prevention of diabetes and prediabetes through a system of targeted treatment. This observational study integrates the concept of TCM diagnostic methods with modern tools aim to provide an objective view on the syndrome differentiation of diabetic and prediabetic patients in Singapore and hence provide a guideline in the treatment options targeted specifically at Singaporeans demographic. A total of 250 subjects with 50 allocated in each group will be recruited to ensure a sufficient sample size for statistical analysis of the diabetic and prediabetic syndrome differentiation. Subjects aged 21-65 years old, of either gender, with no limitations on race, and is diagnosed with either diabetes (FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L, or 2hPG ≥ 11.1mmol) or prediabetes (IFG of FPG 6.1-6.9 mmol/L, and/or IGT with 2hPG of 7.8-11.0 mmol/L) will be included. Subjective and objective assessments through health evaluation, Physical Activity Questionnaire and Sugar Intake, Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire, radial pulse diagnosis and tongue diagnosis will be performed for each subject in a single visit. Statistical analysis of assessments will be conducted using unpaired t-test with significance level of p\<0.05. Statistical software SPSS 15.0 (SPSS Inc.) will be used for the analysis.
Age range
21 Years – 75 Years
Sex
ALL
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The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
The Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ)
Timeframe: One-time assessment within 30mins before undergoing the tongue and pulse diagnosis.
Physical Activity Questionnaire and sugar intake
Timeframe: One-time assessment within 30mins before undergoing the tongue and pulse diagnosis.
Pulse sphygmograph
Timeframe: One-time assessment within 30mins after undergoing the questionnaires
Tongue imaging device
Timeframe: One-time assessment within 30mins after undergoing the questionnaires