Endocrinological and Physiological Responses to Short-term Reduced Carbohydrate Availability in Males

Inclusion Criteria: * Gender/Sex: Male * Age:18-40 * Healthy (as determined by pre-participation questionnaires) * Regularly Exercising/Aerobically trained (3 + times/week, VO2max \>50 ml/kg/min), as determined through participant self-identification via recruitment email/verbal communication and baseline assessment of VO2max) * Weight-stable (within 2 kg) for the past 6-months Exclusion Criteria: * Gender/Sex: Female/Other * Age - \< 18 - \> 40 * Health - Deemed unable to perform exercise (assessed via PAR-Q) * Current smoker. * Medical Condition - Those with any previous diagnosis of; Osteoporosis/low bone mineral density, cardio-vascular disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Cerebrovascular Disease, blood-related illness/disorder, Asthma or other respiratory illness/disorder, Liver Disease, Kidney Disease, gastrointestinal disease, Eating Disorder or Disordered Eating. Those currently taking prescription medication or unwell with a cold or virus at the time of participation. * Those unwilling to adhere to the study's methodological requirements (including adhering to alterations in diet and training - inc. alcohol abstention) from the day prior to intervention onset (24 hrs pre-intervention) to completion of follow-up assessments (day 5). * Those following a restrictive diet (e.g. vegans) * Those with food allergies and/or food intolerances * Training status - Does not train 3 + times/week (over past 6 months on average) and/or have a VO2max \>50 ml/kg/min. * Any athletes that ma…