Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Drug Education and Diversion Program for Middle and High School Students

Eligibility criteria for the primary aim (i.e., evaluating how student-level outcomes change when schools transition from a standard disciplinary response to having access to a more educational and therapeutic alternative): Inclusion Criteria: * Enrolled in a participating middle or high school; * Received a substance use-related infraction at school or school-sanctioned event; * Have a parent or legal guardian who is able and willing to provide written informed consent (if under the age of 18); * Competent and willing to provide written informed consent (if age 18+) or assent (if under 18); * Able to read and write comfortably in English; * In the opinion of the investigator, able to safely participate in the protocol. Exclusion Criteria: * Passive consent for referral to MGH evaluation team declined by parent or legal guardian; * Gross cognitive impairment, for example due to florid psychosis, intellectual disability, developmental delay, or neurodegenerative disease; * Ward of the state. Eligibility criteria for participants for exploratory aims: In addition to the students with school-based substance use infractions enrolled for the primary aims, three additional cohorts of participants will be recruited for exploratory aims. The eligibility criteria for these cohorts are listed below. Exploratory Aim 1: evaluating the impact of transition from punitive responses for substance use to iDECIDE on overall prevalence of substance use and perceptions of school culture (…