Pharmacological Countermeasures for High Altitude

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18-40 years * In good health as determined by the Office of Medical Support \& Oversight (OMSO) General Medical Clearance * Runs at least 3 times per week and able to complete a two mile run in ≤ 21 minutes (Civilian Volunteers) or passed his/her most recent Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) (Military Volunteers Only) * Willing to not exercise, or drink alcoholic and/or caffeinated beverages 24 hours prior to each testing session or the acute altitude exposure to 3,000 m * Abstain from alcoholic beverages during the 15 day residence at the summit of Pikes Peak * Abstain from drinking alcohol or caffeine at least 24 hours before a testing session during Phases 1 and 3 * Willing to stay and exercise in an altitude chamber (the size of a dorm room) for \~2.5 hours * Wiling to reside at the summit of Pikes Peak (4,300 m altitude) and share dormitory area (bunk area, shower, and bathroom), potentially with people of the opposite sex for 15 days * Up to date on COVID-19 vaccination Exclusion Criteria: * Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant during the study * Taking prescription medication, or over-the-counter medications other than contraceptives, unless approved by OMSO \& PI * Born at altitudes greater than 2,100 m (7,000 ft) * Living in areas that are more than 1,200 m (4,000 ft) or have traveled to areas that are more than 1,200 m for five days or more within the last 2 months * Prior diagnosis of High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) …