Acute primary angle closure (APAC) is usually caused by an abrupt closure of the trabecular meshwork in the anterior chamber angle that leads to a sudden rise in intraocular pressure (IOP). APAC is a subgroup of angle closure disease characterised by a sudden onset of headache, blurred vision, seeing halos around lights, corneal oedema, mid-dilated pupil, eye pain and redness. Asian also has a much higher incident rate of APAC compare to the Caucasian population - with the crude incidence rate of 12.2 and 10.4 per 100,000 people per year in the above 30-year-old population of Singapore and Hong Kong, respectively . This is higher than the average incidence rate of 3.9-4.1 cases per 100,000 people per year in the European regions . In APAC, both LPI and primary lens extraction by phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implant (phaco/IOL) were demonstrated to be effective to control IOP elevation. The latter has been shown to be the more effective treatment than LPI for IOP reduction at the early and mid-term IOP control. Together with the advancement of phaco/IOL technique, primary lens extraction is the more popular choice of treatment nowadays. However, operating on an eye with early aborted APAC is technically challenging and may increase the risk of complications because of the presence of corneal oedema, inflammation, shallow anterior chamber, floppy iris and unstable lens. Furthermore, "the best time window" for performing lens extraction after an APAC attack remains uncertain. The long-term results (e.g. more than 5 years) of early lens extraction compared to the conventional LPI are also unknown. In this study, we summarise the approach of treating APAC at the initial acute stage and review the studies that consider IOP control in the mid and long term. We would also touch on the role of goniosynechialysis, trabeculectomy and endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation in treating APAC, as well as considering the economic aspect of treatment. Aim of the study: to evaluate the safety and efficacy of phacoemulsificatiojn in cases of acute congestive glaucoma
Age range
18 Years
Sex
ALL
See this in plain English?
AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.
Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.
The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
iop control
Timeframe: 3 months follow-up