Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Age-Related Frailty

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 65 - 85 years and living in the community * Modified Physical Performance Test score of 18 to 31 * Clinical Frailty Scale score of 5 or 6 * 6-minute walk distance of \>200m and \<400m * Willing to provide informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Failure to provide informed consent * Major cardiopulmonary disease (e.g., recent MI, unstable angina, stroke) or unstable disease (e.g. NYHA Class II or IV congestive heart failure, severe pulmonary disease requiring steroid pills or the use of supplemental oxygen * Severe neuromuscular disease (e.g., multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) * Renal impairment as defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR or less than 30 ml/min/1.73 m2) * Other significant co-morbid disease (e.g., severe psychiatric disorder \[e.g. bipolar, schizophrenia\], excess alcohol use (\>14 drinks per week) * Uncontrolled hypertension (BP\>160/90 mm Hg) * Significant cognitive impairment, defined as a known diagnosis of dementia or positive screening test for dementia using the Mini-Mental State Exam (i.e., MMSE score \<24) * Poorly controlled diabetes (HbA1c \>8.5%) * History of malignancy during the past 5 years (except non-melanoma skin cancers) * Have autoimmune disease (e.g., Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus) * Be using chronic immunosuppressant therapy such as high-dose corticosteroids or TNF-alpha antagonists (prednisone use at doses of \< 5 mg daily is allowed) *…