The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of opioid-free anesthesia with S-ketamine on postoperative analgesia and perioperative hemodynamics in short surgical operations, and to explore the effects of S-ketamine on postoperative awakening time and extubation time, nausea and vomiting, hypoxemia, and delirium.
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The probability of numerical rating scale (NRS) score being less than or equal to 3 when leaving the Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU)
Timeframe: 1 day of the surgery