Immunity and Nasal Fungal Colonization

Inclusion Criteria: * Immunocompromised subjects included those who had known risk factors for fungal infection, including malignant diseases, diabetes, autoimmune disorders, renal or hepatic insufficiency, organ transplantation, or use of immunosuppressants * Healthy volunteers had neither sinonasal symptoms nor nasal endoscopic inflammation. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients were excluded if they were under 20 years old, were receiving antifungal medication, or were pregnant.