This is an retrospective and prospective multicenter study to develop and validate an artificial intelligent (AI) aided diagnosis, therapeutic effect assessment model including chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dialysis patients starting from April 2009, which is based on ophthalmic examinations (e.g. retinal fundus photography, slit-lamp images, OCTA, etc.) and CKD diagnostic and therapeutic data (routine clinical evaluations and laboratory data), to provide a reliable basis and guideline for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the deep learning system
Timeframe: baseline