Healthy adult volunteers (n= 105; 18-59 years) were randomly allocated to consume daily for 8 weeks, either two whole eggs (egg group), two whole eggs added with annatto (annatto-enriched egg group), or two egg whites (control). Volunteers were asked to continue with the habitual physical activity and diet, except for the consumption of additional eggs, egg whites or annatto. It is hypothesized that participants consuming eggs would have a less atherogenic lipid profile, feel more satisfied and increase antioxidant levels in blood, compared to the control group. Participants in the annatto-enriched egg group would have greater antioxidant capacity than the egg group and compared to control.
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Total cholesterol
Timeframe: Change from Baseline Total cholesterol at 8 weeks
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol
Timeframe: Change from Baseline LDL cholesterol at 8 weeks
Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol
Timeframe: Change from Baseline VLDL cholesterol at 8 weeks
Triglycerides
Timeframe: Change from Baseline Triglycerides at 8 weeks
High-density lipoprotein (HLDL) cholesterol
Timeframe: Change from Baseline HDL cholesterol at 8 weeks
Glucose
Timeframe: Change from Baseline Glucose at 8 weeks
Systolic Blood Pressure
Timeframe: Change from Baseline Systolic Blood Pressure at 8 weeks
Diastolic Blood Pressure
Timeframe: Change from Baseline Diastolic Blood Pressure at 8 weeks
Body Mass Index (BMI) in kg/m^2: weight in kilograms, height in meters
Timeframe: Change from Baseline BMI at 8 weeks
Waist circumference
Timeframe: Change from Baseline Waist circumference at 8 weeks
Blood lutein levels
Timeframe: Change from Baseline Blood lutein levels at 8 weeks
Dietary lutein+zeaxanthin levels
Timeframe: Change from Baseline Dietary lutein+zeaxanthin levels at 8 weeks
Blood bixin levels
Timeframe: Change from Baseline Blood bixin levels at 8 weeks
Triglyceride-Rich lipoprotein (TRLP) size
Timeframe: Change from Baseline TRLP size at 8 weeks
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) size
Timeframe: Change from Baseline LDL size at 8 weeks
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) size
Timeframe: Change from Baseline HDL size at 8 weeks
Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)
Timeframe: Change from Baseline ApoB at 8 weeks
Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1)
Timeframe: Change from Baseline ApoA1 at 8 weeks
Ghrelin
Timeframe: Change from Baseline Ghrelin at 8 weeks
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to Measure Perceived Hunger and Satiety
Timeframe: Change from Baseline VAS of Hunger and Satiety at 8 weeks