Fluid responsive is defined as increasing in Cardiac output or Stroke volume by 10-15% after fluid challenge. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is associated with lower left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) resulting in a less cardiac output increment after fluid challenge. However, Left ventricular diastolic function indicated by the Mitral E/e' ratio from transthoracic echocardiography, was rarely studied for fluid responsiveness evaluation.
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Fluid responsiveness
Timeframe: 6 hours