A Study to Evaluate the ePidemiology of anEmia Associated With chroNic Kidney Disease in Patients in Primary Care Using The Stockholm CREAtinine Measurement (SCREAM) Register

Inclusion Criteria: * Patient entered in SCREAM between 2012 and 2018 * With two consecutive plasma-creatinine test(s) indicating an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \< 60 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 * With at least one eligible Hb after eGFR \< 60 mL/min/1.73 m\^2. The date of the first eligible Hb test is the study entry point/index date of the study. Exclusion Criteria: * Patient who has had a recent pregnancy or childbirth (issued diagnosis within 2 years prior to index date). * Patient with ongoing/recent cancer (diagnosed within the previous 3 years), haematological diseases or leukaemia. * Patient with chronic infections (hepatitis, tuberculosis, or human immunodeficiency virus \[HIV\]); note by definition chronic infections are chronic and look back period will be to 1997. * Patients with anemia at baseline (index date), defined by an anemia diagnosis in the year prior, a baseline Hb value within the anemia range according to the WHO definition, or the presence of a recent dispensation of ESA or iron (up to six months prior). * Patient referred to nephrologist within the previous 2 years from cohort entry/ index date.