Summary of Project: Elderly depression is a common mood disorder and the individuals will have persistent low mood and self-absorption that adversely affect their quality of life. Cognitive deficits including attention and executive function are commonly seen in elderly with depression. Qigong, a mind-body practice, is found to have an anti-depressive effect and improve cognitive functions. Yet, the underlying mechanism is still elusive. Hence, the present study aims to conduct a randomized controlled trial to investigate how the practice of Eight-Section Brocades, a type of qigong, affects the function of the central nervous system in elderly with depression, as measured by fNIRS. A total of 60 elderly (based on power analysis 80% (β= 0.20) chance (α = 0.05, two-tailed)), aged 65 or above, with depressive mood as indicated by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) will be recruited and randomly assigned to the treatment (eight-section brocades) and control (exercise) groups. We anticipate that this ancient Chinese mind-body based practice will result in (1) decreased depressive moods and improved cognitive functions, and (2) acute changes in the functional brain activation patterns in the PFC in elderly with depression. The results of this study will shed light on the neurophysiological underpinnings of the therapeutic effects associated with qigong, which will be invaluable for designing intervention for elderly with depression.
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Change in cognitive function as assessed by Attention Network Test
Timeframe: Changes in time points: Baseline, at the end of the 8 weeks, 1 months after treatment
Change in cognitive function as assessed by verbal fluency task (VFT)
Timeframe: Changes in time points: Baseline, at the end of the 8 weeks, 1 months after treatment
Change in cognitive function as assessed by N-back Task
Timeframe: Changes in time points: Baseline, at the end of the 8 weeks, 1 months after treatment
Change in executive function as assessed by Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB®)
Timeframe: Changes in time points: Baseline, at the end of the 8 weeks, 1 months after treatment
Hemodynamic changes as assessed by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)
Timeframe: Changes in time points: Baseline, at the end of the 8 weeks, 1 months after treatment