Slow Expansion and Protraction in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients

Inclusion Criteria: * All patient age ranges from 8 to 12 years. * Patients of both sexes. * Cleft lip and palate patients. * All the cases showed maxillary arch constriction and deficiency. * All patients had maxillary permanent first molars. * Primary lip adhesion and palatal closure. Exclusion Criteria: * Patients had received any surgical assisted rapid maxillary expansion or maxillary protraction of fixed orthodontics before. * Maxillary dentition unsuitable to bond the expander (less than two dental units beside permanent first molar). * Absent maxillary permanent first molars. * Uncooperative patients/parents.