Cardiorespiratory Diagnostic Study

Inclusion Criteria: * Age \> 18 years * Healthy volunteer (with no previous or current chronic cardiorespiratory diagnoses) One of the following cardiorespiratory diagnoses: * COPD (GOLD 1, 2, 3 / A, B, C)\* * Asthma (mild to moderate, not labelled as severe)\* * Congestive cardiac failure\* * Anaemia (with at least 50% of participants recruited having no history of chronic cardiorespiratory conditions)\* * Bronchiectasis (acquired or genetic, e.g. cystic fibrosis or other primary ciliary dyskinesias)\* * Lung cancer (including rare types e.g. mesothelioma)\* * Interstitial Lung Disease (including pulmonary fibrosis pneumoconiosis, asbestosis, sarcoidosis, amyloidosis)\* * Long COVID\* * Upper airway obstruction disorder\* * \[Active pulmonary hypertension\] * \[Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis\] * \[Active pulmonary embolism\] Exclusion Criteria: * Participants who, in the opinion of the chief investigator, or their delegate, are unlikely to comply with the requirements of the study; * Diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders; * Concurrent diagnosis of cardiorespiratory conditions (other than those listed in the inclusion criteria above) that, in the opinion of the chief investigator, would impact the conduct of the study * Participants who are acutely unwell, e.g. active exacerbation, very short of breath e.g. severe COPD (GOLD 4 / D) or end-stage IPF. * Inability to give written informed consent