Pulmonary Artery Doppler and Neonatal Outcome in Placenta Accreta Spectrum Patients

Inclusion Criteria: * Age: 18-42 years old * Patients who will be diagnosed with placenta accreta spectrum preoperatively according to (ACOG 2018), (Jauniaux et al., 2018 a), (Jauniaux et al., 2018 b) * Those who will undergo elective or emergency cesarean. * With gestational age: 34 0/7 - 38 6/7 weeks * Under the effect of general anesthesia Exclusion Criteria: * Multifetal pregnancy * Intrauterine fetal death * Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) which is defined as a rate of fetal growth that is less than normal for the growth potential of that specific infant * Diabetes with pregnancy either gestational or overt which is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with an onset or first recognition during pregnancy * Pregnancy induced hypertension defined as either systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. It is classified as one of four conditions: preexisting hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, preexisting hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia * Premature rupture of membranes * BMI above 40 due to technical difficulties to obtain accurate measures * Narcotic usage during anesthesia before fetal delivery * Major congenital fetal anomalies whether diagnosed before or after delivery * Maternal fever more than 37.4 degree * Emergent cases presenting with fetal distress (bradycardia will be defined as fetal heart rate \< 110 beat per minute) * Patients who have not completed the course of antenatal corticosteroid…