The present project aims to examine the effects of different exercise programs (Pilates and multicomponent) combined with photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on pain intensity, postural balance, perceived disability, kinesiophobia, and pain-related fear of movement in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP). It was hypothesized that the exercise programs plus active PBMT would outperform the exercise program alone (sham PBMT) in improving postural balance, and decreasing pain intensity, perceived disability, kinesiophobia, and pain-related fear of movement in patients with CNLBP.
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Peak pain intensity
Timeframe: Baseline and after 8 weeks
Tampa Scale of kinesiophobia (TSK)
Timeframe: Baseline and after 8 weeks
Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ-Phys)
Timeframe: Baseline and after 8 weeks
Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS)
Timeframe: Baseline and after 8 weeks
Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)
Timeframe: Baseline and after 8 weeks
Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ)
Timeframe: Baseline and after 8 weeks