Varicocele is a major contributor in male infertility. The improvement of sperm parameters after varicocelectomy supports this contribution. The pathophysiological mechanisms of varicocele-induced male infertility are still under investigation. Cystatin C (Cys C) and endoglin are secreted glycoproteins that recently linked to several cellular changes common in varicocele like apoptosis and autophagy.
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The Quality of Semen
Timeframe: 6 months