Treatment Strategy to Enhance Nrf2 Signaling in Older Adults

Inclusion Criteria: * Men and women, 60 years and older * Competent to independently give informed consent * Successful completion of screening * Maximal oxygen consumption below the 60th percentile based on gender: * Women: ≤ 21.2 mL/kg/min * Men: ≤ 30.5 mL/kg/min Exclusion Criteria: * Estrogen supplementation (in any form) within the previous 6 months * Any medication that could affect outcome measures such as statins, blood pressure medications, or anti-depressives * Use of anti-oxidant supplements, in excess of standard multi-vitamins (1 tablet/day) and/or any supplements known to target Nrf2 including resveratrol, Protandim, and sulforaphane * Current smoker * Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than 33 kg/m2 (Class I Obesity) * Any chronic illness that could affect outcome measures, including diabetes, liver or renal disease, or cancer (other than skin cancer) * History of a myocardial infarction within the last 6 months, clinically significant aortic stenosis, use of cardiac defibrillator, or uncontrolled angina * Clinically significant arrhythmia on a resting EKG or significant EKG changes during the baseline VO2 max test * Any other condition that would contraindicate maximal exercise testing, including elevated blood pressure at rest (systolic BP \>150 or diastolic BP \>90 mm Hg on at least 2 measurements, at least 10 minutes apart) or musculoskeletal problems